passage 3
questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage：
as any middle-class parent knows， unpaid work experience can give youngsters a valuable introduction to a secure job. the government has recognized it too， abandoning rules in 2011 that had formerly stopped 16-to 24-years-olds from doing unpaid work while claiming unemployment benefit. but moving from that to forcing them to work without pay in order to collect these benefits has proved a big step.
（79）more than one million young people in britain are unemployed， the highest number since the mid-1980s. keen both to cut the welfare bill and to avoid the depressed future wages that may result from early unemployment， the government has impressed future wages that may result from early unemployment， the government has introduced an ambitious program of reform to get youngsters off welfare and into work. a key part of it is ensuring that no one gets benefit from the government for long； ministers are keen to avoid what happened after the early-1980s recession（衰退），when unemployment continued in some parts of the country for a long time after the economy began to improve.
to help young people into work， ministers had persuaded lots of employers， including bakery chains， bookshops， and supermarkets， to take on unemployed youths， who receive work experience but no pay， with the prospect of proper job for those who shine. （80）some 35，000 youngsters participated last year； half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.
the idea of getting young adults used to showing up for work is popular with voters： according to a survey published in february， about 60% of people support the program. equally attractive was the option of compelling them to work： under the existing arrangements youngsters could choose whether or not to accept a place， but if they dropped put after the end of the first week， they stood to lose up to two weeks‘ benefits.
yet the scheme has also polarized（两极分化的）opinion： a third of people are consistently opposed. following a noisy “right to work” campaign that accused employers of co-operating secretly with this from getting worse， chris grayling， an employment minister， admitted that young people could leave their work experience at any time without being punished for doing so. this not only halted the flight of employers（for now， at least）but also enabled him to announce that new firms have agreed to take part in the program.。
11. according to the passage， young people in britain_____.
a. are used to showing up for work
b. value unpaid work very much
c. are always opposed to unpaid work
d. could learn something about job security through unpaid work
12. according to the passage， which of the following is not true？
a. most voters support the government‘s effort to help young people to work
b. some people protest against the government‘s attempt to force young people to work
c. there are more than one million young people who took part in the program
d. there are more than one million young people who are jobless
13. according to the author， the british government is trying to______.
a. punish young people if they are not cooperating with it
b. reform the unemployed youngsters
c. the economic slowdown
d. reduce welfare spending
14. the word “shine” in paragraph 3 means “______”。
a. do well b. reflect light
c. look happy d. produce light
15. which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage？
a. enjoy work without pay
b. can work， won‘t work
c. should work， shouldn‘t play
d. hate work or love work
part ⅱ vocabulary and structure （30%）
directions： in this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. for each sentence there are four choice marked a， b， c and d. choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
16. please give jim the schedule for tomorrow‘s conference when he ______ back. he is to chair the conference.
a. will come b. come c. comes d. came
17.______five minutes earlier， you would not have missed the last train for shanghai， but you were late.
a. had you come b. do you come
c. did you come d. should you come
18. after he worked out the solution， _____ appeared a smile on his face.
a. it b. here c. what d. there
19. _____ the former president‘s supporters went out in streets to express their anger and dissatisfaction
a. a small amount of b. a large number of
c. a little bit of d. a great deal of
20. to be honest， today‘s dinner was just so-so. it wasn’t such a good one____ promised by the boss.
a. that b. which c. as d. what
21. so many people _____， the meeting had to be put off.
a. being absent b. to be absent
c. were absent d. had been absent
22. we often advise him not to drink more _____ is good for his health
a. as b. that c. than d. but
23.——did charles vote in the last election？
-----no, he wasn’t_____
a. enough old then b. then enough old
c. ole then enough d. old enough then
24. by no means_____ look down on those who are less lucky in life than we are/
a. we should b. should we
c. we should not d. should we not
25. he didn‘t feel like ____that day so he stayed indoors reading.
a. working b. works c. to work d. worked
26. no sooner had we started on the road _____it began to rain.
a. when b. than c. then d. whenever
27. he decide to go for a sailing holiday ______ the fact that he was usually seasick （晕船）
a. because of b. in spite of c.in case of d. as a result of
28. what you do in your spare time is your own _____. however it should not be harmful to others
a. business b. purchase c. bargain d.sale
29. as a gardener， jim has to water the flowers and ______the grass in the garden every morning
a. trim b. improve c. refine d. repair
30. the firemen are still ____the small fires started by the plane crash.
a. taking off b. setting aside c. getting along with d. putting out
31. he didn‘t live up to _____had been expected of him .
a. that b. what c. which d. all
32. the old couple decided to ___a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.
a. adapt b. bring c. receive d. adopt
33. the relationship between employers and employees has been studied____.
a， originally b. extremely c. violently d. intensively
34. the car _____ halfway for no reason
a. broke off b. broke down c. broke up d. broke out
35. the police ____ that he committed a series of crimes in the north of the city
a. swelled b. submitted c. surveyed d. suspected
36. the manger lost his _____just because his secretary was ten minutes late
a. mood b. temper c. mind d. passion
37. we gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came_____ view
a. from b. in c. before d. into
38. i have kept that portrait _____ i can see it every day ， as it always reminds me of my university days in london
a. which b. where c. whether d. into
39. the room is in a terrible mess； it _____ cleaned.
a. can‘t have been b. mustn’t have been
c. shouldn‘t have been d. wouldn’t have been
40. you see the lightning ____ it happens， but you hear the thunder later.
a. the instant b. for an instant
c. on the instant d. in an instant
41._____ it or not ， his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.
a. believe b. to believe
c. believing d. believed
42. the medicine is on sale everywhere. you can get it at ______ chemist‘s
a. other b. some c. certain d. any
43. your hair wants____. you‘d better have it done tomorrow
a. cut b. to cut c. cutting d. being cut
44. i don‘t think it advisable that tom _____ to the job since he has no experience
a. be assigned b. will be assigned
c. is assigned d. has been assigned
45. the goals ____he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him
a. after which b. with which c. for which d. at which
